Stem(s) slender, erect, 6-12 dm, glabrous or nearly so; stipules slender, 2-6 mm, caducous; petioles slender, about equaling the lateral lfls; lfls thin, ovate or oval, 1.5-3.5 cm, glabrous, or inconspicuously hairy beneath; fls 4-6 mm, on pedicels 8-19 mm; cal 2-3 mm; stipe 1.5-2.5 mm; articles 1-3, somewhat obovate, 4-5 נ3-3.5 mm. Dry upland woods and thickets; Mass. to Mich., and Mo., s. to Fla. and Tex. July, Aug.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.

From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Infrequent and generally on ridges in black and white oak woods in dry, sandy or gravelly soil of low fertility. No doubt absent from many of the central counties that have uniformly rich soil.

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Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 3

Wetland Indicator Status: n/a